To determine the effect of replacing added sugar by non-caloric sweeteners in a nutrient-rich matrix (dairy drink yoghurt) and in a nutrient-empty matrix (soft drink) on long-term reward value.
ID
Source
Brief title
Condition
- Other condition
Synonym
Health condition
obesitas
Research involving
Sponsors and support
Intervention
Outcome measures
Primary outcome
The primary outcome measures of this study are 1) the shift in product
preference, i.e., the difference in choice for the sugar sweetened and
non-caloric sweetened yoghurt drinks and the sugar sweetened and non-caloric
sweetened soft drinks (males and females) after repeated exposure and 2) the
change in brain reward responses to the sugar sweetened and non-caloric
sweetened drinks after repeated exposure (males).
Secondary outcome
The secondary objective of this study is to determine the effect of replacing
added sugar by non-caloric sweeteners in a nutrient-rich matrix (dairy drink
yoghurt) and in a nutrient-empty matrix (soft drink) after repeated consumption
on:
• Explicit and implicit liking and wanting of these products.
• Implicit associations of these products with feelings of satiety.
• Expected satiety of these products.
• Ad libitum intake of these products
Background summary
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is still increasing. The development
of new and healthier food products, e.g. products in which sugar has been
replaced by non-caloric sweeteners, may provide solutions to help people to
meet dietary guidelines. However, besides taste, sugar also provides metabolic
reward, which is important for consumer acceptance on the longer term. A
reduced consumer acceptance on the longer term may reduce the effectiveness of
non-calorically sweetened products for weight management.
Study objective
To determine the effect of replacing added sugar by non-caloric sweeteners in a
nutrient-rich matrix (dairy drink yoghurt) and in a nutrient-empty matrix (soft
drink) on long-term reward value.
Study design
The study will use a randomized crossover design whereby subjects are
repeatedly exposed to sugar sweetened and non-caloric sweetened versions of a
yoghurt drink and a soft drink. The study consists of 2 periods with 3 parts:
pre-measurements, a conditioning period, and post-measurements. In the
conditioning period (5 days a week for 4 weeks), subjects will be offered a
sugar sweetened or a non-caloric sweetened version of either a yoghurt drink or
a soft drink 10 times in random order. Before and after this repeated exposure,
reward value will be assessed with behavioural tasks and fMRI measurements. The
behavioural tasks will assess the preference for the sugar sweetened and the
non-caloric sweetened versions after repeated consumption. With the fMRI
measurements, responses to the drinks in brain reward areas will be measured.
In period 1, subjects receive either the sugar sweetened or the non-caloric
sweetened versions of the yoghurts or the sugar sweetened and non-caloric
sweetened versions of the soft drinks. In period 2, these conditions are
switched.
Intervention
sugar sweetened and non-caloric sweetened versions of a yoghurt drink and a
soft drink
Study burden and risks
The study duration will consist of 2 periods of 4 weeks where subject will
daily be given drinks at the laboratory site in Wageningen (in total 40 times).
Before and after the 4 weeks the reward value will be assessed with behavioural
tasks at the laboratory site in Wageningen in both males and females (in total
4 times). In addition, before and after the 4 weeks the males will visit the
fMRI facility in Ede (Hospital Gelderse Vallei) to undergo fMRI measurements
(in total 4 times). Before inclusion, participants will have a training
session. The study is non-therapeutic to the participants. The risk associated
with participation is negligible.
P.O. Box 8129
6700 EV Wageningen
NL
P.O. Box 8129
6700 EV Wageningen
NL
Listed location countries
Age
Inclusion criteria
Zie pag. 11 van protocol;• Age: 18-35 years
• BMI: 18.5 - 25.0 kg/m2
• Healthy (as judged by the participant)
Exclusion criteria
Zie pag. 11 van protocol
• Restraint eating (men: score > 2.25; women: score > 2.80) [8]
• Lack of appetite
• Having difficulties with swallowing/eating
• Usage of an energy restricted diet during the last two months
• Weight loss or weight gain of 5 kg or more during the last two months
• Stomach or bowel diseases
• Diabetes, thyroid disease, other endocrine disorders
• Having a history of neurological disorders
• Having taste or smell disorders
• Usage of daily medication other than birth control pills
• For females: being pregnant or lactating
• Smoking more than one cigarette a day
• Being allergic/intolerant for products under study
• Exclusive consumption of *light* versions of yoghurt and/or soft drinks
• Working at the division of human nutrition (WUR)
• Current participation in other research from the division of human nutrition (WUR)
• For males: having a contra-indication to MRI scanning (see page 11 of the protocol)
Design
Recruitment
Followed up by the following (possibly more current) registration
No registrations found.
Other (possibly less up-to-date) registrations in this register
No registrations found.
In other registers
| Register | ID |
|---|---|
| CCMO | NL38562.081.11 |