The primary aim of this study is to examine whether impulsivity in adolescents with ADHD is related to delay aversion or to alterations in reward sensitivity, and to understand the neural pathways underlying impulsive behavior. We will (1) compare…
ID
Source
Brief title
Condition
- Developmental disorders NEC
Synonym
Research involving
Sponsors and support
Intervention
Outcome measures
Primary outcome
We will measure behavioral responses (choices, subjective values of
delayed/effortful rewards) and brain activity using fMRI during a task in which
participants have to: (1) choose between a small immediate monetary reward and
a larger delayed monetary reward (TD) (2) choose between a small monetary
reward that requires little effort and a larger monetary reward that requires
more effort (ED).
Secondary outcome
We will measure behavioral responses during a task in which participants have
to choose between a small immediate food reward and a larger delayed food
reward, and between a large immediate monetary loss and a smaller delayed
monetary loss.
Background summary
Adolescents with ADHD prefer smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed
rewards, as reflected in steep discounting during temporal discounting (TD)
tasks. An important theoretical model of ADHD proposes that the main mechanism
underlying this impulsive behavior is delay aversion. Strong support for this
theory, however, is still lacking, because decreased sensitivity to reward may
play a role in preferences for small immediate rewards. We will, therefore,
compare behavioral and neural responses of adolescents with ADHD during
temporal discounting with responses during effort discounting (ED). In this
latter condition, participants will exert more or less physical effort in order
to gain a larger or smaller reward, respectively. For this purpose we will use
real monetary rewards and real delays and physical effort.
Hyperactivity/impulsivity has been found to be associated with steep
discounting in a real TD task, but not in a hypothetical one, implicating the
importance of real rewards and delays in studies on impulsivity and ADHD. To
summarize, the primary aim of this study is to examine whether impulsivity in
adolescents with ADHD is related to delay aversion or to alterations in reward
sensitivity, and to understand the neural pathways underlying impulsive
behavior.
Study objective
The primary aim of this study is to examine whether impulsivity in adolescents
with ADHD is related to delay aversion or to alterations in reward sensitivity,
and to understand the neural pathways underlying impulsive behavior. We will
(1) compare behavioral and neural responses of adolescents with ADHD-C and
healthy controls during temporal discounting with responses during effort
discounting; (2) examine the neural correlates of temporal discounting in
adolescents with ADHD-C and healthy controls using real monetary rewards and
delays; (3) examine discount rates for food rewards in adolescents with ADHD-C
compared to healthy controls; and (4) examine discount rates for gains versus
losses in adolescents with ADHD-C compared to healthy controls.
Study design
Cross-sectional explorative observational study
Study burden and risks
During a first visit, participants will complete a short intelligence test and
a few questionnaires (approx. 1.5h). During a second visit (approx. 2h),
participants will have a practise session in a mock scanner before performing
the TD/ED task in the MRI scanner (time in scanner, depending on choices: 2x
10-20 min in total). Outside the scanner participants will perform the TD task
with food rewards (max. 10 min) and with monetary losses (max. 20 min). The
risks of MRI scanning are negligible and the burden for participants is
minimal.
Montessorilaan 3
Nijmegen 6525 HR
NL
Montessorilaan 3
Nijmegen 6525 HR
NL
Listed location countries
Age
Inclusion criteria
ADHD-Combined Type (patients) or no psychiatric illness (controls)
age: 12-17 years
Exclusion criteria
IQ<70
use of psychoactive medication that cannot be discontinued
MRI contraindications
Design
Recruitment
Followed up by the following (possibly more current) registration
No registrations found.
Other (possibly less up-to-date) registrations in this register
No registrations found.
In other registers
| Register | ID |
|---|---|
| CCMO | NL42830.091.12 |