Primary Objective:1. To investigate, within individuals, the temporal dynamics of physical activity and depressed mood.Secondary Objectives: 2. To test mechanisms in and modifiers of the relationship between physical activity and depressed mood…
ID
Source
Brief title
Mood and Movement in Daily life
Condition
- Mood disorders and disturbances NEC
Synonym
Research involving
Sponsors and support
Intervention
Outcome measures
Primary outcome
Mood will be measured with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS;
Watson, Clark and Tellegen 1988), with two additional items, namely *happy* and
*sad*, which has shown to be a short and valid instrument for the daily
assessment of mood (Wenze et al. 2006). Physical activity levels will be
tracked with an accelerometer, the ActiCal® (Respironics, Bend, OR, USA).
Output of this instrument will be presented as Energy Expenditure (EE) and
Metabolic Equivalent of Task (METs). Actigraphy will be complemented with a
newly developed questionnaire that covers the nature and context of physical
activities and motivations for being physically active.
Secondary outcome
Saliva will be sampled three times a day, by means of a synthetic swab to
determine concentrations of several biochemical compounds (hormones and
enzymes), including cortisol, alpha-amylase and melatonin, as indicators for
HPA-axis activity, ANS-activity, and circadian phase, respectively.
Sleep quality will be measured with (part of) the Pittsburgh Sleep Diary
(PghSD; Monk et al. 1994), because sleep can have significant effects on mood.
Other activities and cognitions influencing physical activity and mood, such as
social interactions, important events, rumination, and self-esteem will be
assessed by means of items adopted from previous experience sampling studies
(De Vries 1992; Myin-Germeys et al. 2009).
At baseline, following the diagnostic interview, sleep habits will be assessed
with the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ; Roenneberg et al. 2007),
cognitive vulnerability with the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS-A; Weissman
& Beck 1978), self-esteem with the Rosenberg*s Self-Esteem Scale (SES;
Rosenberg 1965), mastery with the Pearlin Mastery Scale (PMS; Pearlin &
Schooler 1978) and neuroticism with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
Revisited Short Scale (EPQ-RSS; Eysenck et al. 1991). Potential confounders
such as smoking, alcohol/drug consumption, body weight and menstrual cycle and
phase will be registered as well.
Background summary
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder, with an often chronic or recurrent
course and far-reaching consequences for individuals* quality of life and
future opportunities (Meyer-Lindenberg et al. 2006). Core symptoms are
depressed mood and anhedonia (i.e., loss of interests or pleasure). Physical
activity is known to be related to depression in various ways. Depressed
individuals tend to be less physically active, and sedentary individuals tend
to be more depressed. Because of its inverse relation to depressed mood,
physical inactivity may hamper remission (Farmer et al. 1988; Teychenne et al.
2008b).
Potentially, physical activity is a highly valuable depression treatment.
However, effects of physical activity interventions for depression reported in
the literature are modest and inconsistent, and the operating mechanisms are
not yet clear (Teychenne et al. 2008b; Ströhle 2009). This is at least in part
due to limitations of the studies conducted so far; most of them have adopted
cross-sectional designs, or longitudinal group designs with only a few
assessment points. Such (nomothetic) designs are suitable for generalizing
associations found in the sample to the population level, but do not
necessarily tell us anything about association patterns within individuals
(Brosse et al. 2002). We aim to improve effectiveness of physical
activity-based antidepressant interventions, by investigating temporal patterns
and putative causal mechanisms at the individual level, using multiple repeated
assessments within individuals. Thereafter, we will aggregate the data of all
individuals to find common patterns and mechanisms.
Study objective
Primary Objective:
1. To investigate, within individuals, the temporal dynamics of physical
activity and depressed mood.
Secondary Objectives:
2. To test mechanisms in and modifiers of the relationship between physical
activity and depressed mood within the individual, such as the social context
of physical activity, functioning of the stress system, and cognitive/emotional
functioning.
3. To examine to what extent these mediating and moderating factors are
person-specific or generic.
Study design
The study has a replicated single-subject time-series design. 30 depressed and
30 non-depressed individuals will be studied for 30 days in their home
environment, by means of actigraphy, electronic diaries and saliva sampling.
Physical activity levels will be tracked with an accelerometer worn at the hip
or wrist. Three times a day, subjects will fill out rating scales on thoughts,
feelings and activities (e.g. mood, energy, physical activity and stressful
events); and sample saliva by means of a synthetic swab.
Study burden and risks
There are no risks involved in participating in this study. The burden consists
of: an inclusion interview (1 / 1.5 hr), completion of a diary at fixed times
(3 x 3 minutes a day), wearing an accelerometer 24 hours a day throughout the
study period, and chewing synthetic swabs thrice a day to collect saliva.
Subjects are not allowed to eat or drink, except water, 30 minutes prior to
saliva sampling. The study period is 30 days. Benefits may include more insight
in the temporal dynamics of physical activity and depressed mood, and
person-specific factors that promote a good mood.
Hanzeplein 1
Groningen 9713 GZ
NL
Hanzeplein 1
Groningen 9713 GZ
NL
Listed location countries
Age
Inclusion criteria
Age between 20 and 50 years
Subjects should be capable of keeping an electronic diary three times a day, sampling saliva while filling out the electronic diary, abstaining from eating or drinking (except water) during 30 minutes before sampling, wearing an accelerometer 24 hours a day;Depressed subjects:
A diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode according to DSM-IV criteria at the moment of inclusion;Non-depressed subjects:
No diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode, Minor Depressive Episode or Dysthymic Episode according to DSM-IV criteria at the moment of inclusion
Exclusion criteria
A current diagnosis or diagnosis anywhere in the past two years of a Psychotic Disorder or Bipolar Disorder
Somatic disorders that severely affect functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis or the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Medication that severely affect functioning of the HPA axis or the ANS
Significant visual or hearing impairments
Pregnancy
Design
Recruitment
Followed up by the following (possibly more current) registration
No registrations found.
Other (possibly less up-to-date) registrations in this register
No registrations found.
In other registers
| Register | ID |
|---|---|
| CCMO | NL38006.042.11 |