Gerandomiseerde cross-over studie naar het verschil in hoeveelheid lek bij het gezichtsmasker en het neusmasker tijdens beademing: Een pilot studie.

The most frequent used interface during resuscitation with the self-inflating bag or a mechanical T-piece device, is the facemask. Studies have shown that inadequate sealing between face and mask often leads to inappropriate and inconsistent peak inspiratory pressures (PIP) and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), which may be harmful. Effective resuscitation at birth may improve clinical outcome in preterm infants.

Segedin et al. showed that manual ventilation can be better performed via the nasal route. It has been shown that delivery of positive pressure ventilation though the nasal route via nasal prongs is favourable in terms of outcome (chest compressions and intubation) compared to delivery through a face mask.

There however is limited evidence that other device who use the nasal route, deliver efficient PIP and PEEP during resuscitation by decreasing the amount of leak. Examples of these devices are the nasal canula and the nasal mask. The applicability of these devices will alleviate the dependence on sufficient sealing by a facemask, providing that both the mouth and the other nostril are closed during resuscitation.

The nasal mask is often used in the unit as interface to deliver non-invasive respiratory support (continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation). In other units it is used to deliver respiratory support in preterm infants at birth. However, so far the effectiveness of the nasal mask has not been tested and compared with the facial mask. To create rationale for a larger clinical trial we wish to perform a small pilot study comparing the effectiveness of a nasal mask with the standard facemask in preterm infants needing positive pressure ventilation.

To compare the occurrence of significant mask leak when using a nasal mask versus a facemask in preterm infants needing positive pressure ventilation.

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Randomised cross-over study during which the neonate is ventilated with a nasal mask for 1 minute and face mask for 1 minute.