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ID
Source
Brief title
Health condition
E-cigarettes, e-liquids, e-liquid odors
Sponsors and support
Intervention
Outcome measures
Primary outcome
Mean ratings for liking of the e-liquid odors obtained using a 9-point labeled hedonic scale
Secondary outcome
Behavioral measures of odor perception (perceived intensity, familiarity, irritation, perceived sweetness, and perceived bitterness) obtained using a continuous 100-unit visual analogue scale, and descriptive measures of smoking and vaping history.
Background summary
Whereas smoking burns tobacco, the use of an e-cigarette (vaping) only heats e-liquids. Therefore, an e-cigarette is considered a potentially less harmful alternative for smoking. E-liquids consist of a base liquid with flavorings and may contain nicotine. E-liquids are available in a high variety of flavors, which increase sensory appeal. As e-cigarettes are not safe, governments aim to prevent youth and non-smokers from initiating e-cigarette use. In order to regulate flavors in a way that they are attractive to (adult) tobacco smokers but not attractive to youth non-smokers, sensory research on the liking of different e-liquid flavors among different consumer groups is needed. Therefore, this study aims to investigate differences in hedonic assessment of different e-liquid odors between adult smokers, young adult non-smokers, and youth non-smokers by smelling (i.e., not vaping nor inhaling).
Study objective
We expect differences in hedonic assessment of different e-liquid odors between the three groups, in a way that lkiking ratings for sweet e-liquid odors may be higher among non-smoking youth and young adults than smoking adults, and for non-sweet e-liquid odors vice versa.
Study design
Participants will fill out an online questionnaire of approximately 15 minutes to determine eligibility. Participants will assess the odors during 2 test sessions of both 1 hour. Data will be collected using EyeQuestion software. Liking will be assessed using a 9-point labeled hedonic scale; the other attributes will be assessed using a continuous 100-unit visual analogue scale.
Intervention
Participants will smell 30 e-liquids (approximately 10 drops dissolved in 1 mL of demi water) with different flavors.
Inclusion criteria
- Be an adult cigarette smoker (aged 20-55), young adult non-smoker (aged 20-25), or youth non-smoker (aged 16-17)
- Be susceptible to e-cigarette use
- Good proficiency of the Dutch language (self-report)
- Generally healthy (self-report)
Exclusion criteria
- For women: lactating or being pregnant
- Having olfactory deficiencies (self-report)
- Being a regular e-cigarette user (daily, weekly, or monthly)
- Be employed by the Division of Human Nutrition and Health of Wageningen University or doing an MSc internship/writing a thesis at the Sensory Science and Eating Behavior chair group within the Division of Human Nutrition and Health of Wageningen University
- Participation in another medical-scientific study (except for EetMeetWeet)
Design
Recruitment
IPD sharing statement
Plan description
Followed up by the following (possibly more current) registration
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Other (possibly less up-to-date) registrations in this register
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In other registers
| Register | ID |
|---|---|
| NTR-new | NL8333 |
| Other | METC WUR : METC 19/27 |