Inflammatory aspects of glucose in hyperlipidemia and diabetes

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is number one killer in the Netherlands. Insulin
resistance and dyslipideima are the main causes of CVD. Recently, we have shown
that there is an acute leukocyte activation after an oral glucose tolerance
test (OGTT) in patients with newly-diagnosed diabets mellitus type 2 (T2DM).
Leukocyte activation is an important and obligatory aspect in the process of
atherosclerosis. Complement system is another important inflammatory component
in atherosclerosis, which becomes activated in the postprandial phase.
In this study, we will investigate both inflammatory systems in healthy
volunteers and patients with T2DM on insulin therapy and hyperlipidemia (both
familial hyperlipidemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH)) during
an OGTT.

To get more insight in the inflammatory processes induced by glucose in
heallthy volunteers and patients with insulin dependent T2DM and
hyperlipidemia.

Healthy subjects between 45 and 65 years will be recruited by advertisement in
Sint Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam (SFG). Patients with T2DM on insulin therapy
and hyperlipidemia will be recruited from the out patient clinics of the
internal and vascular medicine of SFG en type 2 (via dr. Castro Cabezas and dr.
Alipour). The patients will receive a letter, in which the study is explained.
One week after this letter the patients will be called by dr. alipour and asked
whether they want to participate. The healthy volunteers and the patients who
have agreed to participate will be invited for a meeting. In this meeting
written informed will be explained and obtained. Furthermore, medical and
family history, list of medication and some (anthropometric) measurements
(weight, length, waist circumference and bloodpressure) will be obtained.
20 healthy volunteers, 20 subjects with T2DM on insulin therapy and 40
hyperlipidemic subjects (20 with hypercholesterolemia and 20 with
hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia) will be included. The subjects
will be scheduled to undergo the OGTT. Therefore, they will vist the laboratory
(while fasting for 10 hours). before (t=0 minuts) and after (t=60 en t=120
minuts) ingesting a standardised glucose, blood will be obtained in order to do
the measurements.

Except for the risks of peripheral intravenous blood sampling (hematoma) and
hyperglycemia in T2DM patients on insulin therapy (who are used to deal with
this condition), there will be no additional risks.