A pilot study to explore the bioavailability of UMP enriched products
in healthy volunteers

Uridine monophosphate (UMP) is a nucleotide that is a normal constituent of
Ribonucleic acid (RNA), the molecules responsible for the proteins in the human
body. RNA is present in all living cells and therefore in the human diet. Foods
rich in RNA, such as sardines, yeast and some organ meats (like liver) will
provide significant quantities of UMP. Upon digestion of UMP-containing food,
UMP is hydrolysed to uridine by splitting off the phosphate group. Uridine is a
normal metabolite in the cells of plants and animals and therefore also present
in daily diet.

This exploratory study is an initial investigation that may generate
information (e.g. the influence of UMP dosage on blood uridine levels, the most
appropriate timing of blood sampling after intake of UMP enriched products in
order to detect blood uridine levels) that will be valuable for the development
of new nutritional product concepts (e.g. to reduce ingredient costs) and for
the design of a larger powered randomised prospective clinical study, in which
subjects will take UMP-enriched products for longer duration and in which
(blood) biomarkers will be studied more extensively.
Due to the exploratory nature of the study and the absence of information with
which to calculate the required group-size, no sample size calculation was done
for this study.

In this pilot study, the time course of the increase in blood plasma levels of
uridine after single intake of UMP and UMP-enriched products will be explored
in healthy volunteers. Five intervention groups will be studied; three
intervention groups will receive the multi-nutrient product containing
different UMP dosages. The fourth intervention group will receive a UMP
supplement and the control group will receive a multi-nutrient product without
UMP.

This will be an open, placebo controlled study. The study duration per subject
is 1 day. A total of 25 subjects will be enrolled in 1 study site in the
Netherlands.

All subjects will undergo a single intake of 125ml of the allocated study
product during the study visit, and have blood sampled to determine uridine
levels.

There are no known undesirable effects after intake of the study product. Of
the study procedures, blood sampling may cause bruising, pain and stiffness,
infection and flebitis.