BREathprint Variation during Intubation, mechanical ventilation and Anesthesia.

Exhaled human breath contains thousands of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in gas phase. Electronic noses (eNoses) produce breathprints based on VOCs using an array of different sensors. Subsequently, these breathprints can be analyzed and used for diagnostic purposes.
It is uncertain whether intubation and mechanical ventilation per se influence breathprints.



Objective:

The goal of the present investigation is to determine breathprint variation in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients without pre–existing lung injury before, during and after short–term intubation and mechanical ventilation.



Study design:

Prospective observational study.



Study population:

Twenty–five patients without preexisting lung injury, who need short–term intubation and mechanical ventilation. For this we choose to include patients scheduled for elective surgery.



Main study endpoints:

1. Breathprint (exhaled biomarkers) as obtained by electronic nose measurement (Cyranose and ContiNose);

2. Systemic biological markers of oxidative stress and lung injury.



Data analysis:

1. Principal component analysis to extract discriminative features from the large-dimensional dataset;

2. Independent samples t-test for difference in breathprints between before intubation and after mechanical ventilation;

3. Pearson’s Correlation coefficient for correlations between breathprints and oxygenation parameters, systemic biological markers.

1. Breathprints, generated by an electronic nose, variate during mechanical ventilation;

2. Breathprints correlate with biological markers for oxidative stress and lung injury during mechanical ventilation.

Both exhaled as systemic biomarkers are collected before, during and after operation. During operation breathprints are continuously obtained by ContiNose and are measured once an hour by Cyranose. Blood is collected every hour.

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